The Structure of American Education Policy before 1980
The Structure of American Education Policy before 1980
This chapter describes the structure of American education policy up to 1980. Between the 1950s and the end of the 1970s, both the federal government and the states developed new programs and regulations designed to assist historically disadvantaged groups, impinging in important ways on the authority of lower-level government. These policies were supported by an array of civil rights groups, educational interest groups, and state education bureaucrats, as well as by elected officials who gained politically from channeling new educational resources to their districts. Nonetheless, while the federal and the state roles in education grew notably during this period, the responsibilities of governments at both levels remained quite limited. Responsibility for the “regular school program” serving most students remained lodged in local school districts and schools.
Keywords: education policy, education policymaking, federal education reform, social policy, American education system
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