Border Escalation as a Policy Failure
Border Escalation as a Policy Failure
This chapter examines the spiral effect of policy failure relating to border controls. Comparable to events before 2001, when enhanced border controls increased the number of illegal immigrants and boosted the development of smuggling networks, there is strong evidence that post-9/11 policies have neither limited the number of illegal immigrants in Europe and the United States nor provided more security. Indeed, security-related immigration policies have undermined the ability of Western governments to bring border flows under control in two ways: by increasing the number of illegal immigrants who stay out of the reach of security controls, and by diverting scarce resources away from more-pressing security priorities. This chapter discusses the spillover effect of border escalation and the sociopolitical effects of the immigration policy failure. It argues that tighter controls have produced more demand for the service of smugglers and that more illicit activity has increased a pervasive sense of insecurity.
Keywords: policy failure, border controls, illegal immigrants, smuggling, Europe, United States, immigration policies, border escalation, insecurity
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